Category Archives: africa

In Casablanca, remembering ‘Kech

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While there, I didn’t write about Marrakech. It was just too overwhelming, and like a strong drug, could not be discussed until its effects had faded. Now I’m in Casablanca airport, awaiting my flight to NYC, and it seemed like a good time to reflect.

Marrakech is called the Red City, constructed of the red, red mud of southern Morocco (though these days concrete block is the building material of choice, rather than adobe.)

A diversion… when it rains, the traditional mud homes of southern Morocco bleed red. They are eroding. It’s just something they do. If they are not repaired regularly, they return to the earth.

Another diversion… before this trip I had heard the terms ‘kasbah’, ‘medina’, and ‘souq’, but didn’t really know what they were. Consider this paragraph the educational portion of this email. A kasbah is a fortress. It’s the last refuge in the case of attack, and is built to withstand an attack. A medina is the walled section of a city. Since most medinas were built before automobiles existed, the are navigated through narrow, winding passages, and goods are brought in and out by cart or donkey. A souq (pronounced ‘sook’) is a market. It may be a region in a medina, or it may be a courtyard surrounded by shops. Often vendors of a particular type group together, so there may be a jewelry souq or a vegetable souq. The meat souq smells particularly interesting.

In each of the cities I’ve visited in Morocco, the medina is where I felt the most alive. In the medina, you never know where a passage will lead, or even which direction you’re heading. The passages twist and turn around homes and the sky is a narrow strip two stories up (or sometimes not there at all when the passage is covered for shade or living space.) One passage may lead to a string of restaurants serving fried sardines, while another may lead you towards the leather district. Unless you’re accustomed to the medina, every turn brings a surprise.

In early evening, when the air is cooler, the alleys are filled with people doing errands or shopping. Occasionally you need to step aside as a moped scoots by, or press yourself to a wall to allow a donkey to pass, laden with herbs or cement blocks. A westerner catching the eye of a shopkeeper is as likely to be greeted with a brilliant smile as indifference. The occasional tout will latch on, promising a tour of the medina, or to show you the best silver available anywhere. A firm ‘La!’ (no!) will often send them looking for other potential customers.

Wander the medina and within an hour you’ll come across the Djemaa el Fna, a large public square. The djemaa comes alive at night. The center is occupied with food stalls selling traditional moroccan tagines, tangias, and couscous. Some stands sell only harira, a hearty soup that makes a cheap and tasty meal. (I recommend stand #5!) Others sell boiled sheep’s heads, from which you may request the tasty tongue, cheeks, or brains, to be scooped up with pieces of bread as an evening’s meal.

On two sides of the food stalls are juice stands, selling orange and grapefruit (pamplemouse!) juices, freshly squeezed. Lit by strings of white bulbs, the fruit glow brightly, drawing you closer while the juice men beckon like sirens.

On the third side of the square, and occupying nearly half, are the performers. There are fortune tellers and story tellers. There, a man sits on a rug with two cobras rising hooded and swaying before him. Pause too long and you’ll find another snake wrapped around your neck, placed there by his accomplice, who motions for you to kiss the snake on the mouth for barakah.

If you wander too far to one side you will enter the realm of the monkeys. Flee. Men carrying sad, abused monkeys approach and try to get you to pay for a photo with a monkey on your shoulder. These bitter apes are more likely to take a chunk from your ear or fling feces as look cute on a postcard.

Pause too long at a performance (a berber singer, a man juggling tagines) and you will be hit up for compensation. Make sure that the money is being collected for the performer. (Some guys simply circle a crowd, asking for money and gesturing at the performance, with which they have no affiliation.) But if it’s a valid solicitation, pay. Your imagination has been massaged, your Arabian Night fantasies have been made flesh. A few dirham is a small price for such service.

coyote

P.S. Pamplemousse! Pamplemousse!

heading home

Tomorrow, at 4:45am, Amelia will drive Dan and I to Agadir, an hour north of Tiznit. From there we’ll catch an hour’s flight to Tiznit, followed by a seven hour flight to NYC, then a 5 hour flight to SFO, getting back to Sausalito at around 11pm in the evening. And the next day I’m supposed to show up for work. How stupid is that?

I have decidedly mixed feelings about leaving Morocco. It’s hot here, and more than a little humid, both climatic qualities that I can live without. (The winters, however are supposed to be cool… down to 55°.) There is no open gay culture here, which (having been out since 1987) is not something with which I could ever get accustomed.

On the other hand there are the men, who are beautiful with dark mysterious eyes and smooth brown skin. There is the laid-back, low-tech pace of life, where bicycles and mules are as common a method of transportation as automobiles, even within the cities, and where no one really pays much attention to the time of day, except for closing up shop at 11pm. There are the children, with mischievous smiles who shout “Bonjour!” at you as you pass because it’s the one french word they remember from school, and who laugh in delight when you answer them back.

Tonight I took a hamam, the traditional public bath. You enter, pay 10 dirhams (about a dollar), and enter a tiled room where you strip down to your underwear. You then go into the hamam, passing through a warm room, a warmer room, and then into a hot room. For 50 dh, an attendant will bathe and massage you, scrubbing you down with a scouring cloth and ‘black soap’ until you glow, and then washing you with regular soap and shampoo, finally dumping large buckets of warm water over your head to rinse. He leaves you lying on the hot tile floor until, languidly, you make your way forward to successively cooler rooms.

I also went for a walk in the public park at sunset. It seemed like all of Tiznit was there. A solid circle of women surrounded the playground, only their eyes showing through their veils as they attended to their children. Both men and women sat on benches watching the promenade and talking, though rarely together. ‘Bad girls’ walked around in tight jeans and short sleeve blouses, flirting with boys, who seemed at a loss for what to do. Some boys were clearly there to watch other boys. It was a kaleidoscope of islamic society, and a little overwhelming but also pretty damn wonderful for this western stranger.

Then back to Amelia’s home, where friends had gathered. Idris was there, with his guitar and dry wit. Lhassen and Manuella were there, an ex-islamic man and a hippy woman who met on the internet and fell in love to live by the beach in Morocco. We drank beer and wine while Sorin grilled camel kebabs. We ate a delicious chicken tagine followed by the kebabs. (Camel, incidentally, has to be the best meat I’ve ever eaten, even if the lips do require a blowtorch for proper preparation.) We all sat around laughing, playing music, and enjoying one another’s company. Sorin, Dan, Ricardo, and Joshua, who at 11 is just ‘one of the guys’ and treated as such. (Though we do tease him about his two marriage proposals since arriving in-country. FYI, pink-skinned, fair-haired, well-fed American boys are very popular here.)

Now I’m typing this, knowing that all that awaits me is a hot night sleeping, a 4am awakening, and a long day of chasing the sun. But every adventure needs an end, if only so that another adventure may begin. Bon soir.

Ouirgane

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(Note that for now I’m skipping a description of Marrakech…)

Driving out of Marrakech we climbed once more into the High Atlas mountains. We were spending two nights in Ouirgane (wear-gawn), a small town in a mountain valley only 75km outside of ‘Kech. With the windy mountain roads, that’s only about an hour and a half drive, so we had a fairly leisurely day. We left ‘Kech at noon and arrived in Ouirgane in the early afternoon. We were staying at the Auberge Au Sanglier Qui Fume, or “The Inn of the Boar that Smokes”. It’s a charming place, rustic with beautiful gardens and a nice restaurant.

Our group had grown by two… Ricardo from Spain and Amelia had both joined us in Marrakech. Ricardo is a friend of Sorin’s from past travels, and Amelia is of course the reason for our journey to Morocco. She’s a dear friend who has been working with the Peace Corps here for a year and a half. Our entire journey was a slow exploration of the country ending in her home town of Tiznit (tizz-nee).

We spent our first afternoon in Ouirgane wandering around exploring on foot. A small creek led down to a hydro-electric reservoir. Teenagers dove and swam across the lake to haul themselves out and sun on rocks. Old women walked down the street bent over 90°, their backs laden with loads of alfalfa or sticks. Shopkeepers slept in the shade in front of their open shops. The place is very sleepy in mid-afternoon.

But as the sunset approaches and the shadows lengthen, the village comes alive. (This is true for every city & town in Morocco, and for that matter, for most towns located in hot climates.) People come out and run errands. Road crews reappear from beneath trees to dig a little more. And when the sun goes down, the promenade begins. The street fills with people walking here and there, most just to socialize with their neighbors. In the (relative) cool of the night, the village emerges.

Up here in the High Atlas the population is mostly Amazigh (also known as Berbers.) The Amazigh are friendly and will often come up and just start asking you questions about where you came from, where you’re going, and whether you had yet visited the village. The young men wanted to practice their english. (The Amazigh are muslim, so the separation between the sexes is practiced up here too.) People welcomed us as we walked curious through the village. (Unlike other parts of the world, there is no sense of ‘what are you doing here?’ except in the curious sense.)

The next morning we had planned a trek from Ouirgame up to a High Atlas village. Mark offered to allow us to bushwhack up to the village and then return by the established path. We set out following the river uphill. At one point the path crossed a bridge consisting of a few sticks nailed together. In the middle was a large gap (probably to keep goats from crossing.) One side of the bridge dipped down in the middle a foot lower than the other side. The bridge definitely had ‘Indiana Jones’ qualities.

Having safely crossed, we continued up river another mile, where we found that we needed to cross again, this time without the benefit of a bridge. Some people hopped across on rocks, others (myself included) waded across, and the folks in sandals simply walked through the water. And then we realized that there was no where to go. An old man with a sickle working in a field told us that the way on was to walk up-river. And so we crossed again. And then again, finally finding the path into the village.

The village was built of rock and adobe, and occupied the top of one of the peaks. As we entered the village, children started appearing on doorways, watching the funny newcomers. (We are often entertainment wherever we go.) Several men asked whether we would want to come to their homes for tea, and we accepted an offer from a man whom Mark knew.

Their home had a small terrace looking out over the valley. We were brought cushions and stools to sit on, and several members of the family went off to prepare us a snack. Amelia went with them and helped shell fresh almonds. Soon we were drinking sweet mint tea while eating almonds and dipping pieces of flatbread into the richest olive oil I’d ever tasted, pressed by the family in their home. It was an incredibly relaxing stop before we descended back to Ouirgane.

That afternoon a thunder storm approached and rain came. It rained heavily all afternoon. The small creek by the inn flowed blood red and filled its bed. Side streams that were dry in the morning flooded. I walked along a bank above the flood and watched as the bank 100′ below me crumbled in the onslaught, and wondered if the path would be there when I walked back to the inn. It was, though it was a bit of a thrill ride… the path along the cliff face, normally hardened adobe, had grown soft, and with every step I wondered if I would slide down into the rushing river far below.)

I wandered around in the pouring rain all afternoon, getting soaked and taking photos. I would have conversations with locals resting under the protective branches of a tree. Lightning would strike nearby, and the thunder echoed for a long time in the hills. The air was cool and wet, and I felt more energetic than I’ve felt since arriving in Morocco.

Today is my birthday.  I’m 48.

dades gorge / morocco

looking down on the dades gorge

Yesterday we went arrived in the Dades Gorge. While spectacular and full of echo potential, the gorge itself is just that, and otherwise nothing special. Yes, it’s dramatic, but a gorge only goes so far at a cocktail party.

“Why yes, last summer I visited the Dades Gorge.”
“Oh, and how did you find it?”
“Quite dramatic really. Deep.”
“Pardon me, I really think I need another Martini.”

After doing a drive-by of the gorge, we settled into our hotel, which overlooked the family farming plots along the Dades river. From the hotel patio we could watch the village go about its daily business on and around the river.

Much of the activity of the village morning and evening consists of tending the fields and gathering wheat. Wheat is gathered the old-fashioned way… women kneel among the crop with scythes and cut it in sheathes. These are then hauled home on the women’s backs where they are set to dry.

As we walked around the village, occasionally a window would open and a child would call out “Helloooo!” We would talk to them for a little while in french and english before moving on. Even the kindergarten-aged children here seem to speak at least three languages. For slightly older children, we were the most entertaining thing in town. A small posse followed us around on our walk, not saying much, just watching us. They were very cute, and probably thought we were the weirdest thing ever.

Today we drove to Aït Benhaddou, a classic example of a Kasbah (fortified city) and the set for many films. The city sits on a hillside overlooking a river, and is astoundingly romantic. Since Aït Benhaddou is a World Heritage Site, there are attempts being made to preserve it. (Adobe homes tend to deteriorate within a few hundred years.)

Rural Morocco is definitely weird about alcohol. Stores will sell it, but you have to ask for it behind the counter (like pornography in the States.) You’re supposed to be discreet about drinking it, but you can ask the hotel to keep your supply of beer in the restaurant cooler. It all has a “We know this is not supposed to exist, but we know it does” feel around it.

I wish I could write more, but it’s been a long day and I’m exhausted.

I’ve been to the desert on a camel with no name

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(It felt good to be out of the rain.)


(Parenthetically, I am typing this entire journal entry for the second time. The first time was at a different internet cafe, a much worse one, where their Windows machines kept crashing, and IE6 kept hanging. It hung after I’d typed this entire tale and pressed send. I hate IE6.)


At the base of the Erg Chebbi dunes we met our camels. The first camel was white and affectionate, the others black and slightly more ill-tempered. They were tied nose-to-tail and laying in the sand in a circle. The sand blew against them in drifts. Occasionally, one would fart.

Each was saddled. The saddle on a camel looks like an upholstered doughnut, draped with blankets. It sits on the hump and basically extends it front and rear. The saddle also has a metal bar that raises from the front of the saddle to a ‘T’. As there are no stirrups, the handlebar is your only way to hold on.

I eyed my camel, and it eyed me. I approached, and found that even with the camel laying on the ground, there was no way I could get my leg over. Remember, no stirrups. A small stepladder would have been appreciated, but that was not forthcoming.

So, a small jump, a very undignified belly roll, and I was sitting astride my beast, which to its credit only grunted slightly in protest. I was told to hold onto the bar, and I did. It was a good thing, because The Arising was about to begin.

A camel is essentially what resulted when an evil sorcerer bred a shag rug with a loading gantry. It’s much more mechanical contraption than animal, but with a bad attitude and some enormous teeth thrown in.

The Arising goes like this… the camel first unfolds one of its rear leg joints. This props up the beasts tail,. but leaves its neck on the ground. You find yourself hanging on tightly, staring straight down at the camel’s head. The camel, encrossed in its Arising, ignores you.

Then, the front legs unfold, putting the neck far above the creature’s tail. You continue to hang on for dear life, but now you are staring straight up at the sky, and gravity is trying to pull you off the back of the camel.

Lastly, the second set of leg joints unfold, and you come to a level position,. roughly eight feet above the ground, riding a hump in the sky. The entire process was like a carnival ride whose goal is to disorient you. The camel swivels it’s snake-like neck enough to see if it managed to dislodge you, and seeing that it has not, it accepts that you’re stuck there, at least for now.

Everyone clinging to their bars, a Amazigh (Berber) tribesman leads the camel train out into the dunes. The sand stretches out as far as you can see, in deep orange drifts hundreds of meters high.

On level ground, the camel takes long strides. While the animal is covering lots of ground this way, you sway every which way from your post at the pinacle of the camel’s hump. Every movement side-to-side, every lurch back and forth is amplified. Dan and Sorin each ask me if I am getting seasick. (I am not.)

When climbing a dune, the camel takes smaller steps, with a pause after each as their hooves catch the sand. You, however, are hanging on desparately trying not to slide off the back of the camel.

Descending a dune is even worse. The camel steps down into the sand, and it’s dinner-plate-sized hoof glissades down into the sand a foot or two before finally catching enough sand. Then the process is repeated with the next foot. Eight feet in the air, you are leaning forward at a 45 degree angle as the camel first free-falls forward, then suddenly stops. Then again, and again, until you reach level sand again. You hold onto the metal bars with every ounce of your strength. Two days later, our wrists and forearms are still hurting.

On level sand, you can shift your weight around, and it’s a good idea. Your butt gets very numb sitting in one position, and your thighs get sore. The Amasigh ride side-sadle, and all of us try it, but we quickly return to a straddle when we see a climb or drop coming.

The sea of sand is stark. There are a few small arid bushes, and there is sand. Unimaginable quantities of sand, extending for miles. The sand is all. It absobs all sound, so as the camels step steadily forward, we hear nothing except for the occasional fart, which is very loud indeed in the quiet of the desert. When we speak with one another, it feels like we are shouting in church, breaking some sort of holy silence. The wild blows. The sand moves slowly. The camels step forward. The sand absorbs sound, and it also seems to absorb time.

Two hours (or two years, or several seconds) later we dropped down into a valley between dunes. There the Amazigh camp waited for us. The camels were led into a circle, and the Descent began.

The Descent is like the Arising, except in reverse. I found myself rocked violently back and forth before finally I was back at ground level. The camel (no name, remember?) looked back at me, it’s large soulful eyes conveying one simple thought… “Get off.”

We were met by an Amazigh boy. He was wearing an elaborate saffron turban and a white flowing robe. He sported buck teeth and french designer eyeglasses. He looked like a particularly fashionable nerd on his way to a college costume party. I was instantly smitten.

He showed us to our tents. There wasn’t much to unpack, as we’d brought only a minimal change of clothing. We gathered in the shade of one of the larger tents, simply watching the sand gently blow over the crest of the dune next to us.

A small group of french tourists arrived, not via camel, but in range rovers. They emerged sweating, and we watched them. Dan and I sat side by side in the shadow of the tent, wearing our shesh’s, judging them. We were the true travelers of the Sahara, not these newcomers conveyed by road with air conditioning.

Sorin and Josh joined us, and we sat some more. Then Sorin noticed, half buried in a drift, a set of skis and some poles. His eyes lit up. He stood. “I will ski!” he declared.

He dug out the skis and the poles, and trudged to the top of the nearest dune. The Amazigh tribesmen followed, as did the newly-arrived and sweaty french. The Amazigh looked amused, and the french looked judgemental. Sorin stood at the top of the dune looking fearless. Dan and I resolved to photograph this momentous event. In the tent, Joshua napped.

One at a time, Sorin clamped the skis to his sneakers. The skis sat on the knife-edge of the dune ridge like a teeter-totter, sticking out into the air front and back. Sorin looked at the horizon. He looked down. (One tribesmen said something in tamazight, and another nodded. Perhaps he said “Fetch the Nedivac.” We will never know.) Sorin looked out at the horizon again, then pushed off.

The skis accelerated down the slope gaining speed. Not too much speed, however, as the slope was only 10 feet long. But there was a proof of concept. It was possible to ski down a dune. Joshua was awakened to witness this miracle. (Rather than appreciate the wonder of the moment, he just seemed a little grumpy.)

The next hour was spent skiing down higher and higher dunes. Sorin did it, and impressed everyone by managing to turn as he descended. (Not the easiest thing to do in sand.) Even the french stopped disapproving for a moment. Dan tried it and made it smoothly to the bottom. I tried it and fell on my face within three feet. Joshua slid smoothly down and made it look easy. An amazigh tribesman tried it, clamping the skis to his bare feet. (A gasp of appreciation from the french. Everyone loves the macho.) And then it was dark, and time for apres-ski.

We ate dinner in the big central tent, a typical maroccan meal except for the nice maroccan rose that we ordered off of the wine list. It went nicely with the tagine, and even Joshua liked it. Also atypical was the rather large scorpion that skittered across the floor mid-dinner, all chiton and poison before disappearing under a corner of the tent.

The next day we returned across the dunes to our car and drove vaguely west along the southern foothills of the High Atlas to the Todra Gorge. I’m there now, on the outskirts of the village of Tingir, typing this into a terminal in an internet cafe. Around me teenagers learn the facts of life from watching Madonna videos on YouTube. Each terminal has a curtain that can be pulled around it for privacy, but I can hear the melody of “Like a Virgin” leaking from the headphones. Teenagers everywhere like their music loud.

Today we climbed into the High Atlas. I’ll write about that next.

red house / near talmout tabount

south to erg chebbi

Today we left Fes and drove almost directly south, crossing the Middle and High Atlas mountain ranges. The mountain tops still have visible snow, but in the valleys it was 90°F, and the sun was blazing.

Along the road, tens of kilometers from any homes or settlements, were various containers propped up on stones by the side of the road. They were honey, and the roadsides are lined with hundreds of recycled containers containing the stuff. Detergent containers, motor oil containers, and juice bottles, all filled with dark amber honey. Guarding every two or three bottles strung down the highway is a single man (always a man) usually sleeping under a tree, but sometimes out in the full sun. They look like accident victims… men who had been hit by a truck and were just lying in the dirt by the road. (Though the more industrious of them had made tiny (3′ cube) shelters out of rock and sticks, just enough to keep their head out of the sun.

At one point we stopped to photograph a field of poppies. The poppies were bright red, and went on forever. Nearby there was a cow tied up at the side of the road, and I wanted to photograph the cow in the foreground against the poppies. Tamazight, the language of the Amazigh (Berbers). As I started shooting, an old woman appeared out of nowhere, scolding me loudly in She was amazing looking, lively and as sculpted by the sun and wind as an old adobe home. Her face had several tattoos (which would allow women to be recovered when they were taken in raids.) I asked her if I could take her picture instead. She smiled (no teeth) and I swear to god she blushed. She adjusted her hat a little and then nodded.

Once we’d crossed the High Atlas, the terrain around us was as dead as that in Nevada. We crossed for hours, passing the occasional settlement or lone adobe house. Most villages with half in ruins, but still very much alive.

Near the summit, we stopped at a picnic area that had accumulated a tribe of Barbary Macaques. I’d never been that close to wild monkeys, and it was very odd to move around them. They were fairly indifferent to our small group, and my big worry was that I would accidentally step on one. (They are only a foot and a half tall.) These ‘apes’ migrated north across the great northern savanah of Africa before it became the Sahara (approximately 10,000 years ago.)

It’s weird to walk among monkeys. They’re so human, but not, that your brain keeps anthropomorphizing them and then contradicting itself. But I still think that they were talking about me.

We ended up in Merzouga, at the foot of the Erb Chebbi dunes. These are the über-dunes, the dunes you recognize from any movie ever set in the Sahara desert. We walked about a mile into the desert. Joshua and Sorin loved jumping from the dune ridges, and I just took as many photos as I could while the sun set.

Tomorrow we’ll go with a camel train into the Sahara to spend the night in tents with the Amazigh tribesmen.

Need to sleep now, but I’ll write more in a few days once I’ve returned from the desert. I’ve updated a few photos to my Flickr page, check them out.

 

second day in fes

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I’m starting to adjust to the constant demands for tipping, and to everyone anxious to demand my money with the slightest excuse. The beggars are easy… a few times a day I will press a 10 dirham coin into a beggar woman’s hand. It’s about a dollar, and brings baraka (good luck.) Islam calls for alms, so it’s part of the culture. A little harder to adjust to are the demands for tipping from others… a dirham for a photo, or 10dh for someone giving you directions. It’s not a lot of money, but it leaves me feeling abused. I have decided that this is silly, and I’m going to try to move past it.

Then there are the outrageous demands… a request of 200dh for wrapping a package I had purchased in a shop, for example, is outrageous. I gave him 2. He followed me out to the street, complaining, his hand held out. I ignored him. Experiences like this leave me feeling guarded, waiting for the next local to try to fleece the rich american.

Luckily these are the exception. While tipping and haggling is part of the culture, most moroccans stay within reasonable limits. They start high, and you can quickly talk them down. If you don’t feel western guilt, you can quickly reach a reasonable price. The important thing is to remember that they won’t sell if they’re not making a profit, and no matter how much you talked them down, their profit from you was most likely considerable. (I’ll leave it for Dan to tell the story of his epic Haggle that occurred today.)

In the medinas, passers-by shout out to me “Hello Ali Babba!” I thought that this was because of my Mr. Clean style earrings, but I learn that this is a generic nickname for any bearded individual. My two earrings do attract attention, however, often open flirting. I like it.

As you would expect, the food is good, but especially in the medinas, where street stalls sell meat carved right off a cow’s skull, a mixture of tongue and cheek, put into a thin almost pita-shaped load of bread fresh from a wood oven. Then salt, paprika, cumin are added as spices, followed by some moderately hot sauce and rice to finish the sandwich. They also make some wonderful stews and little fried potato croquettes which are amazingly taste.

Foods we’re avoiding include luscious-looking cheeses (not pasteurized) and boiled snails (for some reason, they are supposed to have a high rate of Hepatitis A infection.) Oh, and the usual ‘unpeeled fruit’, though I’m finding it harder and harder to avoid the lush figs and ripe plums of the medina. Oh, and the golden cherries, which roll by in cartfuls, swollen with juices.

We’ve been foraging street food for lunch and dinner every day. That will be less likely over the next 5 days… there are very few restaurants or food vendors in the Sahara.

Not sure if there will be internet cafes either. The cafe is quite the thing. Filled with boys chatting with girls clandestinely, each machine has runs Windows XP, IE6, and has a headphone, video camera, and mic. (I refuse to use IE6 except as a springboard to install Google Chrome. A boy needs to have principles.)

It’s easy to see how the internet is changing Morocco (and for that matter, the Arab world.) Things that would otherwise remain unknown (girls & boys, pornography, western news) can easily be accessed. In Morocco, the only thing censured by the government is any criticism of the king. Other than that, it’s anything goes.

And so it goes. Tomorrow, we head south for 8 hours to the desert town of Merzouga, the foot of Erg Chebbi, Morocco’s largest sea of dunes.